Definition Of Terms Are As An Example Of A Job And The...

1. The definition of terms are as follows: a. Workforce diversity- having a workforce that consists of different groups of people to include race, ethnicity, gender, cultural, national origin, handicap, age, and religious backgrounds (Dessler, 2014). b. Outsourcing- having someone outside the company provides the service for you. c. Job analysis- the process of determining the skills needed to do a job and the type of person who should be hired to do the job. d. Structured interviews- interviews that have predetermined questions assigned before the interview. e. Assessment Centers- a simulation in which candidates are asked to perform different tasks in a hypothetical situation and are scored according to their performance. f. Personality tests- tests that measure basic aspects of a person’s personality such as introversion, stability, and motivation. g. Performance simulation tests- tests that measure an applicant by simulating physically demanding work activities. h. Profit sharing- employees receive a portion of the company’s annual profits. i. Employee referrals- the act by an employer to post job announcements or request for referrals on their website, bulletin board, or wallboard. j. Employee orientation- the process of getting new employee acquainted with the organization. k. Job description- a list that provides the basis of the job or what the job entails. l. Job evaluation- a systematic comparison of jobs to determine the worth of one job in comparison toShow MoreRelatedAt-Will Employment915 Words   |  4 PagesEmployment The term at will applies both to the person hired and to the person who does the hiring. As the term suggests, both parties have the ability to end the employment whenever they wish because there are no strings attached to it (Employee Issues, 2012). In a normal contract situation, a person is employed for a specified amount of time and the individual knows that as long as a contract is in force what is expected and the remuneration that comes with the employment. This type of contractRead MoreWomen And Women During World War 2878 Words   |  4 Pagesare property, rather than a person. Therefore, women came to the conclusion that they do not want to follow the norm anymore because they know what they are capable of. The term feminism can be defined as women who want to be in the same level of equality in political, economic, and social as men are. Although many people misunderstood the definition, different strategies such as exemplification, comparison and contrast, and negotiati on will be shown to help those who are not familiar with this wordRead MoreWhat Does Equality Mean?979 Words   |  4 PagesTherefore, to fully understand equivalence, the opportunity, gender, and economics are some types of equalities that need to be examined. To start with, for equality to be truly achieved every single person on this planet has to have the opportunity to the same access of knowledge and programs, in order for them to succeed. Today, we divide and segregate so much, in terms of being equal for certain groups. For example, you see this often in scholarships for school. Where you are chosen based on your ethnicity;Read MoreEssay on Sexual Harassment in the Workplace1398 Words   |  6 Pagesco-worker, or a non-employee. The victim does not have to be the person harassed but could be anyone affected by the offensive conduct. Unlawful sexual harassment may occur without economic injury to or discharge of the victim. The harasser’s conduct must be unwelcome. (Howarth 2005) He increasing number of women in the professional workforce poses a challenge to business managers and executives. Women are sometimes stereotyped by those who believe they aren’t capable of being a good employee. WithRead MoreDavid Fletcher Case Study Essay1603 Words   |  7 Pagesteam on his first attempt as a result of several causes. There were multiple mistakes that Fletcher made that can be seen in his interactions with people. The first was his assistant Whitley which he had a close relationship with. Before Fletcher hired Doyle, he did it hastily without consulting Whitley. The lack of consent and thought for how he would fit into the company’s culture showed when tension grew between Doyle and Whitley. 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Believing the problem did not have a solution that could be implemented in time for production. It seemed as if the project was corrupt before it even began, because the team did not possess the problem solving skillsRead MoreReflection and Discussion774 Words   |  4 Pagesweight around to show power will be the way to earn respect. This will not always be the case. Approaching a managerial position, which holds a higher level of power, will earn you more r espect when you make yourself part of your team and lead by example. Recognizing when you are becoming off balance within work and home life may be when your attitude and approach towards everyday activities start to change. Little things which did not cause you stress before are now being magnified by theRead MoreOrganizations as Social Systems1468 Words   |  6 PagesThey are found in the physical, biological, and social worlds and they range from simple to complex. For example, there are biological systems (for example, the nervous system in the human body), mechanical systems (for example, the braking system in a car), human/mechanical systems (for example, riding a bicycle), ecological systems (for example, predator/prey) and social systems (for example, groups, supply and demand and also friendship). What is a system? A system is collection of componentsRead MoreThe Outcome Of A Good Succession Planning Essay1594 Words   |  7 PagesAs leaders of organizations retire, decide to change career paths or suddenly become incapacitated, their positions must be assumed by other similarly qualified persons. These may be chosen within the ranks of the company or hired from the outside. Whatever form this may take, it would be assumed that certain criteria and conditions form the basis for choice of a successor. Describing the different pathways that can be chosen to ensure attain this objective, succession planning is defined as the

Essay on Dual Personalities in Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by...

Dual Personalities in Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Stevenson INTRO The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is a classic mystery story, enticing to all audiences merely upon it’s suspense alone. When Stevenson first wrote the story (after recalling a dream he had) he had only the intentions of writing such an entertaining tale. Yet at the suggestion of his wife, he decided to revamp the mystery to comment on the dual nature of man and of society in general. I believe that Stevenson is suggesting that All human beings†¦are commingled out of good and evil., as spoken by Dr Jekyll. HYPOCRISY THE GOOD MAN Stevenson is suggesting that good and evil are inseparable in human nature. By discussing such themes as the hypocrisy of†¦show more content†¦Throughout the novel much effort is made upon Stevenson’s behalf to portray Hyde’s menace, there is nothing comical about the trampling of the little girl on the street corner, or the slaying of Sir Danvers Carew. Hyde clearly represents the beast in a man, and is portrayed using several animalistic images. When initially confronted by Utterson he is depicted as hissing like a cornered snake, he is described by Poole as screaming like a rat, his movements are likened to that of a monkey, and his shrieks of mere animal terror. Jekyll describes his altar ego as the animal within me, licking the chops of memory, and discovers hair growing upon the back of his hand after his first involuntary Hyde transformation. Without doubt, is aiming to depict Hyde as an animal. Yet it is not his appearance which causes such unrest in all the characters who meet him. Rather it his essence of pure evil which they sense, Enfield described him as like Satan, and Utterson as having Satan’s signature. Hyde is pure evil. Stevenson suggests, by the immense disgusted reactions of the characters who meet him, that to see Hyde, is to see your own evil manifestation. In wanting to kill Hyde, they are rejecting what is in fact part of themselves. SUPPRESSION This leads to Stevenson’s most poignant social commentary within the novel. That suppressionShow MoreRelatedThe Duality of Man in Literary Works and Critical Essays1580 Words   |  7 Pagesin the Dual Brain interpreted from Literary Works and Critical Essays The lifelong struggle for control and recognition of the human mind has been a popular and evolving science since the late-nineteenth-century. Many notable authors, scientists, and laymen have been fascinated with the study since then. Robert Louis Stevenson is one of the more notable authors to write about dual personalities with his short story, â€Å"Markheim,† and the novella, †The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde.† The latterRead MoreJekyll And Hyde Character Analysis968 Words   |  4 PagesStrange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, explores the duality of human nature. He writes this novel to show us that humans have split personalities, and that there are two sides to human’s personality: good and evil. In the late-Victorian literature, duality appears to be a common theme; serving as a way for modern readers to analyze late-Victorian literature and culture. Stevenson weaves throughout the novel a theme of duality + which appears in the charac ters of both Jekyll and Hyde as well as inRead MoreJekyll And Hyde Dualism Essay1315 Words   |  6 PagesR. L. Stevenson has written many memorable novellas and novels. One of the most important from the Victorian Gothic Era would be â€Å"The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde.† This novella deals with many themes that intertwine together to form a complex idea of dualism. It has aspects from personality division and the ultimate question of how good and evil can tie into Victorian society’s view of public and private life. Stevenson the personalities of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, with evil and goodRead MoreStevenson and Conrad: The Duality of Human Nature 778 Words   |  3 Pagesthe heart of many Victorian works. The theme of the duality of man can be found in the works of two famous English authors, Robert Louis Stevenson and Joseph Conrad. Stevenson and Conrad both incorporate the theme of the duality of human nature within their own novellas. Stevenson empl oys this theme throughout his novella The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and similarly Conrad employs this theme throughout his novella Heart of Darkness. In both novellas the theme is found in the literary devicesRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1186 Words   |  5 Pagespsychology, particularly regarding the dual nature most people exercise. Sometimes Victorian writers use their stories of self-discovery and individuality to provoke new views of social norms. Three authors stick out as the pioneers of dualism: Robert Louis Stevenson, Oscar Wilde and Charlotte Brontë. Stevenson wrote a story to tell his audience that having a secondary life strictly for pleasure can destroy both of your lives. Wilde disagreed with Stevenson and believed that the second persona canRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde973 Words   |  4 PagesThe Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, written by Robert Stevenson, is a novel that tells a tale of how o ne man was able to fulfill his dream of creating a dual personality. Henry Jekyll, the protagonist in this selection, is a respected doctor who seems harmless at first sight. However, as the novel progresses, Jekyll’s ulterior motives begin to be discovered and Jekyll must choose between his reputation and his own desires. Throughout Stevenson’s novel, Jekyll’s outward appearance andRead MoreHuman Nature: The Double Character of Dr. Jekyll Essay1696 Words   |  7 Pageshumanity is...synonymous with the struggle of good and evil (Abbey, et al. 328). Robert Louis Stevensons The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde centers on the dual nature of the human personality through the good and evil facets of Dr. Jekylls character. Victorian morals are significant in the establishment of duality due to the moral conflict it initiates. Stevenson introduced the theme of duality not merely because of contrasting characters and an appealing storyline. Present evidenceRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1619 Words   |  7 PagesCase of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde† by Robert Louis Stevenson, published in 1886, is a glimpse back in time to the Victorian era. The novella highlights the Victorian morality and the Victorian model of life. The key features of Victorian morality include a set of moral values pillared in sexual restraints, low tolerance policies on crimes and a strict social code of conduct. Dr. Jekyll is a respected member living in the Victorian society, who abides to all the rules and regulations. Mr. Hyde is hisRead MoreThe Way Robert Louis Stevenson Uses Literary Techniques in Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde1103 Words   |  5 PagesThe Way Robert Louis Stevenson Uses Literary Techniques in Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is a novella that was written an 1886 and has gone down in history as one of the most famous works of gothic horror fiction. The term Jekyll and Hyde personality is used in society today to depict someone with a dual personality who is a kind of schizophrenic, describing someone who lives a double life of outward morality and inward iniquity. AtRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1326 Words   |  6 PagesCase of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was published during the late Victorian era, but he clearly brings into question the acceptance of Victorian philosophies, especially the belief that one truth exists and that we can identify good and evil as separate entities. The names Jekyll and Hyde have become synonymous with multiple personality disorder. This novel can be examined from the natural dualism and Freud’s structural theory of the mind. In The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde varies

The Concept of Globalisation Free Essays

There are a plethora of factors that have played a role in influencing world politics in the 20th century. There are the political ideologies, each with their own agenda, conflicting or similar, such as Communism, Fascism, Nationalism, Capitalism and Socialism. There are the various worldwide treaties and agreements, such as the Treaty of Versailles, the League of Nations and the United Nations. We will write a custom essay sample on The Concept of Globalisation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Accompanying these are economic agreements, which have an ever-increasing role in world politics, like the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), the World Trade Organisation (WTO), the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), plus regional trade agreements and customs unions such as the North American Free Trade Area (NAFTA), the European Union (EU) and the Asia Pacific Economic Community (APEC). Even the two World Wars have had an influence. However, the single force that has had the greatest impact on world politics in the 20th century is Globalisation. Globalisation is a concept with many differing definitions. Bayliss Smith (1998, p. 15) define globalisation as the ‘intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away and vice versa. † Globalisation is a process that entails the movement of capital, goods, services and labour around the world. Globalisation is the massive control of the world†s economy by big business, transcending national boundaries. The underlying factors in all of these definitions are that globalisation involves worldwide integration of both political and economic ideals. Furthermore, Strachan (1998, p. 159) argues that it involves legal and cultural integration also. But does such integration undermine a country†s sovereignty? Can such integration be achieved without violence and conflict? In order to answer these questions, this essay will examine the driving forces behind globalisation, its downfalls and cultural adaptability. Globalisation is an ever-increasing force, even today, as technological advances literally make the world smaller by increasing communication and decreasing travel times, or what can be referred to as the ‘Communication Revolution† (Durst, 2000, p. 5). Through massive and rapid improvements in the Information Technology industry; telecommunications, exponential increases in computing power coupled with lower costs and the development of electronic communications and information networks such as the Internet, communications are now possible almost instantaneously between any two points on the globe. The threads of global web are computers, facsimile machines, satellites, monitors and modems-all of them linking designers, engineers, contractors, licensees and dealers worldwide (Sims, 1989, p. 21). Physical distance is now irrelevant. This improvement of communications this century from sailing ship to satellite has contributed directly to the globalisation of the world†s economies and political systems (Rimmer, 2000, p. 3). This has taken place across cultural and physical boundaries, effectively eliminating the capacity of countries to isolate themselves from the rest of the world. A prime example of this is China. For most of its existence, China has kept its doors closed to the rest of the world. No outside influences reached China and it remained unchanged and untouched. In recent times however, China has relaxed its legislation to accommodate foreign investment and trade. Its economy has improved and new information on how to do things more efficiently has been introduced. Borders no longer act as boundaries, especially with respect to the movement of information and finance. Furthermore, borders are becoming increasingly difficult for governments to define and maintain. Regional conflicts are arising everywhere; Sierra Leone, the coup in Fiji, Chechnya, Southern Lebanon and Kosovo. As a result, national governments are being forced to redefine their roles, responsibilities and policy relationships. Thus, globalisation has raised fears that the sovereignty of nation states is being undermined. If sovereignty can be defined as the ability to exercise control without outside interference, then nation states are clearly experiencing diminished sovereignty. Governments have no choice but to recognise and work on the assumption that most issues they are required to deal with are affected by or will affect the international competitiveness of the country. Government†s own responses to globalisation or the search for joint solutions to global problems have further effects on sovereignty. Participation in international organisations or the adoption of international agreements puts limits on policy options available to governments (Rimmer, 2000, p. 5). Instead of independence, the world is now pursuing interdependence. Proponents of globalisation argue that unilateral action is not the most effective way to achieve policy goals. In combating environmental problems and international crime, the interests of individual nations can only be protected by collective action. This belief has led to competition between countries on almost all fronts. International investment is encouraged by the activities and mobility of multinational corporations, meaning that most domestic policies such as education and training, taxation, social protection, economic regulation and labour legislation have become international. Even a country†s domestic management policy is a matter of great concern to its trading rivals, because this will ultimately affect a country†s efficiency and competitiveness. Therefore, government policies must increasingly be made more consistent with, or competitive to, those of their trading rivals. Robert Reich is a strong supporter of globalisation, publishing the book entitled ‘The Work of Nations†. In his book, Reich argues that it is already too late to stop globalisation. His view is supported by Joan Spero, US Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs, who states that capital now moves around the world with startling speed. Each day over US $1 trillion is traded in a global foreign exchange market that never closes. (Spero in Strachan, 1998, p. 156). Reich (1991, p. 112) argues that there is no such thing as an American product anymore, giving the example of an ice hockey stick. It is designed in Sweden, financed in Canada, assembled in Cleveland and Denmark out of alloys patented in Delaware and fabricated in Japan and finally distributed in North America and Europe. There are many criticisms of globalisation and Edward Herman (1999, pp. 3-5) classifies his criticisms into a number of categories. Two of those are that, firstly, globalisation is undemocratic and secondly, that it is an assault on labour. In the United States, public opinion polls showed the general public was against NAFTA, even after incessant propaganda, but the mass media supported it and it was passed. In Europe as well, polls have shown persistent majorities opposed to the introduction of the Euro, but a powerful elite supports it, so it moves forward. Globalisation has been a tool serving elite interests. This contradicts the democratic and egalitarian utopia that these regions have been relentlessly encouraging during the 20th century. Globalisation has also steadily weakened democracy because the containment of labour costs and scaling down of the welfare state has required the business minority to establish firm control of the state and remove its capacity to respond to the demands of the majority (Herman, 1999, p. ). One of the main objectives of Transnational Corporations (TNC†s) movement abroad, for example Nike manufacturing shoes in Korea, has been to tap cheaper labour sources. Labour is often cheapest, and least prone to cause employer problems, in authoritarian states that curb unions and enter into virtual joint venture arrangements with foreign capital, as in Suharto’s Indonesia and PRI’s Mexico. Once again, this directly contradicts government†s agendas. Publicly, politicians speak out in support of foreign aid, human rights and equality, while behind closed doors they are endorsing and funding TNC†s operations that exploit cheap labour in third world countries. Another criticism of globalisation is that it is against the very nature of culture. Culture derives its diversity from the differences between different human communities and the distinctions between their respective geographical roots and historical experiences. Globalisation disregards these factors and ultimately aims to treat the entire world population as if they have the same tastes, personalities, customs, traditions and language, through a universal government system. If this were to be so, the world would be a very boring, robotic, monotonous place, devoid of any form of culture. The ramifications of this are wide-ranging. Diversity, variety and room for change are lost and forgotten. Identities of oneself are lost; ‘I† is replaced with ‘we†. Power is placed into the hands of a select elite few, very oligarchic and undemocratic. If a group of countries were to unite under a common government, equality would not be established. Such a grouping would encompass a wide spectrum of political views, ideologies, religions, races and colours. Instead of one whole body, there would be many minority groups. This transfers an unequal balance of power throughout the states. As the regional conflicts in East Timor, Yugoslavia and Chechnya have shown, conflict shall arise. There are too many barriers to overcome which only leads to frustration and violence. A Commission on Global Governance (COGG) has been established since 1992. In a report published in 1995 entitled ‘Our Global Neighbourhood†, the commission argued that countries have to accept that in certain fields, sovereignty has to be exercised collectively (Strachan, 1998, p. 155). Once again we have a contradiction in terms; by definition, collective and sovereign are exact opposites that are mutually exclusive. Having stated all the above criticisms, it is important to mention that there is no perfect system in society today that is capable of running a country absolutely efficiently. In fact, conflicting ideologies often correct each other. Communism corrects the equality problem of democracy and democracy corrects the problem of efficiency of communism. By choosing one system or the other, up risal and discontent from the people is inevitable. But is it possible to combine the two? Hitler and Mussolini argued that fascism was the ‘third way†; an alternative to capitalism and socialism. However, fascism led to the death of more than six million Jewish people, so it justifiable to be wary of anyone offering a third alternative. So globalisation has had the greatest impact on world politics in the 20th century, mainly because of the technological advances in telecommunications and information technology. This is most likely to continue through this the 21st century. The criticisms of globalisation are that it undermines sovereignty, exploits third word countries and is undemocratic. However, there is no feasible alternative at this time and globalisation is already well-spread and embedded in economics and politics. For now, the world will just have to go with it. How to cite The Concept of Globalisation, Essay examples

Patient Communication Nursing Profession

Question: Discuss about thePatient Communication for Nursing Profession. Answer: Introduction Communication plays an integral role in any profession, and when it comes to the nursing profession, the communication skills to be possessed by the nurse becomes doubly important. There is no denying the fact that the consumers of the service of the health care sector, such as the patient and his family are usually under stressful conditions, and hence a positive, friendly and composed style of communication is desirable here (Rigolosi, 2013). There are various types of communication that is likely to occur between the nurse and the clients. However, usually the interpersonal communication style is the most effectively used communication style in the healthcare sectors. While a nurse communicates mostly with the client and his family orally, verbal communication plays an important role. While interacting with the patient or his family, the nurse should be relaxed and patient. In case of sensitive situations, such as a situation that involves a dying patient, the nurse must adopt a cool relaxed, and empathetic style of communication, so that she can offer proper moral support to the clients (Rigolosi, 2013). A variety of factors can affect the communication experience between the patients and the nurses. One of the factors that affect this is the cultural difference between the patient and the nurse. Often people with cultural differences end up having an undesirable situation with the clients. Another important factor affecting the relation can be a wide gap of age difference between the nurse and the patient. The age difference can potentially hinder the provision of the health care service. The greater the age difference, the harder the provision of medical attention (Keating, McDermott, Montgomery, 2013). It will require an elderly nurse to come up and help in the process. This is because one party will view the other to be inferior in the provision of quality health care. Again, language barrier can also be an important factor here. Besides, the free flow of communication between the nurse and the patient can be affected in case the doctor employs the use of too many jargons, while communicating the symptoms or diagnostic methods of a complex disease (Keating, McDermott, Montgomery, 2013). Hence, it is important that the nurse simplifies the complicated medical terms, and communicates the health issue of the patient, the diagnostic process or the medications required in an easily comprehensible style. The communication experience must be clear to the patient availing healthcare. One of the advantages is that the patients will be able to analyze the treatment and provide the feedback to the process. It will facilitate the health care institution to comprehend the ways that they should emulate in future to improve the consumer experience. Consequently, this will help the organization improve the quality of service it delivers to the clients. With the help of this process, the organization will be able to gauge its performance. It will be useful in the determining whether the organization has reached the goals and aims. Hence, it is not sufficient to ask the nurses to behave in an effective way, as it is equally important to observe the extent to which such communication processes are successfully followed by the nurses. Hence, it is good to recommend the use of the suggestion box so that the patients or the clients family can communicate their feedback and inform the hospital author ity the change that the nurses should bring in their behavioral pattern or interaction skills (Keating, McDermott, Montgomery, 2013). Communication between the nurse and the patient is very crucial in the provision of quality health care. One of the strategies that can be used is the provision of undivided attention to the individuals while the communication process is taking place. Especially, the supervision of the freshly appointed nurses will help in monitoring their performance as far as their communication is concerned. The supervisor will be mindful of the communication style adopted by the nurse for communicating to the other party. In the use of this process, it will enable the individuals to mind the body language and the verbal words said, while communicating to the client. It will in turn help in enhancing the process of better provision of the health care. Besides, asking the patients to rate and review the performance of the nurses whose service they availed, could be beneficial in understanding the flaws in the communication style of the nurses (Grol, Wensing, Eccles, Davis, 2013). By improving the communication skills of the nurses, the specific health sector organization will be able to broaden the scope of interaction between the nurse and the clients. More and more people from the broad social divide will come together for the enhancement of the communication process. While the nurse will not be biased while serving people belonging to various sexes, they will be adept in serving the diverse group of people with different spiritual ideologies for the sake of better health care provision. Besides, people belonging to different age groups will interact for the benefit of the process.Thus; it will be possible to ensure an inclusive and diverse place for health care provision (Grol, Wensing, Eccles, Davis, 2013). With the help of the use of proper methods of communication, it will be ensured that all the individuals will be treated fairly irrespective of the social class or cultural group they belong to. With the help of this strategy, the health care sector will be free from any errors (Grol, Wensing, Eccles, Davis, 2013). In order to improve the nurse patient communication in future, it is important that the nurses are being provided with training programs that can enhance and improve their interpersonal communication skills. The nurses can also be asked to participate in different soft skill grooming seminars and workshops that can also help in nurturing the interactive skills of the nurses apart from inculcating virtues such as patience and composure. Besides, the rating system will also make the nurse feel supervised and consequently they will tend to improve their interactive skills. References Grol, R., Wensing, M., Eccles, M., Davis, D. (2013). Improving patient care (1st ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell/BMJ Books. Keating, M., McDermott, A., Montgomery, K. (2013). Patient-centered health care (1st ed.). Rigolosi, E. (2013). Management and leadership in nursing and health care (1st ed.). New York: Springer.

12 Freelance Writing Experts Reveal Their Best Way to Land Gigs

Are you new to freelance writing and have no stinking clue how to snag a client? Well, 12 top freelance writers are going to tell you their number one way for landing clients. You might be surprised by some of them, but all of them have worked hard to develop their writer platform and credibility as an expert in their field. But, before we dive into reading how these freelance writers get writing gigs, I thought Id break down how I land clients. My Number One Way of Landing Clients I went through of all my current and past clients and found my number one way of securing writing gigs is through referrals. I landed 7 clients strictly from referrals. Two clients have multiple websites and they asked me to also write on those websites. One other referred me to a family member with a blogging gig. Two other freelance writers (thanks Keri and Gina) referred me. I was under the impression my primary way of landing gigs was through my writer website and posts, but in reality referrals is the clear winner. Referrals is actually one of the best ways to land clients since, You dont have to pitch You already know the client Youve positioned yourself as the writer to go to in the eyes of the client So, lets find out how my list of expert writers find writing work. 1. Ariel Rule – Blogger, Copywriter, Hubspot Certified Inbound Marketer Warm pitching is my number one way of securing a writing gig. I tend to avoid the common blog job boards; everyone goes there to get jobs. Instead, when reading a blog in one of my writing niches I search the site for an area that says something like Jobs, Work with Us, Contribute or that sort of thing. If they do in fact want to hire writers or I think that I can bring something extra to the table as a writer, then I know Im golden. From there I follow them on social media to keep track of whats going on with their company, interact with them on those channels, and then look for a time to send a warm pitch email. 2. Alicia Rades – Freelance Blogger My best way to land clients is through inbound marketing. Let’s be honest. I don’t like marketing myself in the traditional sense. Most of the time, it feels like a waste of time. But tweaking my website for SEO, writing guest posts, and networking with other writers doesn’t feel like a hassle to me, so I’d much rather go that way than reach out to clients through job board ads or cold calling. So, what do I mean by inbound marketing? Many of my clients have found me through a Google search. Another ongoing client found me through a referral, and a more recent one saw the work I was doing on another site and was impressed enough to contact me. The great thing about this is that there’s not a whole lot of work on my part—at least not work I don’t enjoy doing. Plus, almost everyone who contacts me is looking for on-going work, so I don’t have to constantly look for one-off jobs. AND it saves a ton of time because the people who contact me have a real interest in working with ME, and I’m not spending time competing for positions on job boards or contacting people who may or may not need a writer. The only problem is that this tactic doesn’t work immediately. If you’re just starting out, it’s going to take some time to build up your site around specific keywords, write guest posts, make connections, etc. BUT it definitely can work once you’ve established yourself in the field, which doesn’t have to take more than a couple of months. Follow me @aliciarades. 3. Gina Horkey – Professional Writer and Business Consultant Ive had a lot of success building my freelance writing business using job boards. Currently, Im subscribed (and loving!) The Client Connection, by Carrie Smith of Careful Cents. You have to apply to this platform, which is more of a service than a job board and the cost is $120 per quarter. There is currently a cap of 20 members and in Carries own words: I strive to keep a good balance of 2-3 freelancers applying for the same job, so you have around a 50% chance, or higher, of landing the gig! The service is pretty heavy on freelance writing and editing, with a good amount of leads for VAs. Im working on increasing the amount of social media, design, and other freelance niche leads. The service may be slow growing but I aim to make it SUPER valuable. Carrie cares A LOT about the quality of the products and services she puts out and its evident in the way TCC works. I receive at least one email per week with a few job listings from people that have personally contacted Carrie for writing services. Since her client roster is full, she passes them on to members of TCC. Its a great personal connection! Ive heard back from almost everyone Ive sent an application to and contracted with a few clients over the last few months. In fact, I just landed $1,000 project last week! Highly recommended. 4. KeriLynn Engel – Freelance Business Writer and Blogger My number one way to find freelance writing jobs is to let prospects come to me. All of my inquiries nowadays come from either people who have seen my writing on other websites, or people who have searched for a writer on Google found my site. I make sure to write for blogs where prospective clients will see my bylines, use keyword links in my author bios, and I also target specific search keywords with my website. If you want your website to be seen, it’s smart to learn the basics of search engine optimization. You don’t need to get super-technical; just taking an hour or two to learn the basics is enough to get you far in a lot of niches. 5. Corinne Kerston – Freelance Writer and Blogger The number one way I find work is through referrals, from both clients and colleagues. To get referrals from clients, I just throw it out there that if they like my work, I’d really appreciate a referral if they know anyone who needs a writer. I find that those who market online tend to know others who do as well, and there’s a good chance they will know someone who could use a good writer and some point in time. I have also gotten referrals from online colleagues. My advice is to just network and make connections. Visit blogs, comment on posts, share their posts on social media. Build a relationship, and they are more likely to recommend you if they know someone looking for a writer with your specialties. Follow me @corinnekerston. 6. Ashley Gainer – Freelance Writer and Editor While lot of my freelance work has come from sending pitches and LOIs (Letter of Introductions), the majority of it has come from people I know. Having a solid network of fellow freelancers who know what I do, are familiar with my skills, and know that I’m actively looking for clients has been the best thing for my business. And making myself known as a writer in my personal circles has done the same thing. I’ve had gigs come to me from landlords, church ladies, friends from college, and even a really nice project with a guy who grew up down the street from my ex. Marketing yourself is critical and needs to be done, but a network that knows you is invaluable. Follow me @AGEditorial. 7. Carrie Smith – Freelance Writer and Freelance Expert The number one way that I find freelance writing jobs is through my network. I spend a lot of time doing passive marketing (interacting on social media, via email, and sharing engaging comments) so that when Im ready to take on more clients I can simply ask the editors, startups, and business owners that I personally know, if theyre looking to hire anyone. I also reach out to fellow freelance writers since most of freelancers have an abundance of work, and turn down offers that can be passed along to other writers (like me!). Follow me @carefulcents. 8. Whitney Sherwood – Freelance Blogger I use a few different approaches (job boards, local businesses), but the Brians Scotts Freelance Writing Morning Coffee eNewsletter (from FreelanceWriting.com)   has always been my number one way of landing gigs. Its a valuable resource for hunting down writing gigs, aside from contacting local businesses. It’s delivered to your inbox Monday through Friday and includes a weekly deadline newsletter for paid writing contests and magazines. A majority of these postings are decent to well-paid. You do have to sift through dodgy postings here and there, but it makes job hunting easier. The eNewsletter even includes remote and non-remote gigs.   Its a popular, trusted (established in 1998), and curated list of postings from all over the web. Thus far, Ive had success gaining a few clients I contacted. 9. Pinar Tarhan – Freelance Writer and Blogger I find writing jobs through a variety of sources including referrals from other writer friends, job ads and job leads from forums like Be a Freelance Blogger. I also pitch to online publications with article ideas. And my favorite, sometimes clients find me through Linkedin. But, my best way of landing jobs is through Tom Ewer’s Paid to Blog Jobs, which I reviewed for The Write Life. Some jobs can be low-paying, but the variety is really good, and you can find some pretty decent blogging clients if you love niches like language learning/teaching, lifestyle, travel, dating and so on. For a while I was a member of Freelance Writer’s Den. While the forums and products are incredibly helpful and informative, I couldn’t find any jobs to apply to in the few months that I was a member as I stay away from industries I don’t find interesting and copywriting. I had to quit during a wrist injury as I was unable to use the forum at all. I might be weird, but I really like pitching, whether its a one-time guest post or a staff blogging job. 🙂 Follow me @zoeyclark. 10. Lauren Tharp – Freelance Writer The number one way I find freelance writing work is via referrals from other freelance writers. No joke! Thats why Im always encouraging my mentees to not think of other writers as the competition. Other writers are not only going to be one of your best support systems (who else are you going to complain about clients from hell with, am I right?), they could also be your best source of employment. As writers get to know each other and what theyre each good at, client swapping begins to happen and theyre usually clients who are pretty well tailored to your interests! Its a beautiful thing. Follow me @LittleZotzWrite. 11. Robyn Petrick – Copywriter The number one way I find freelance writing work is by following free groups or websites that curate quality job postings on a regular basis. For example, Facebook4Freelancers.com posts a link on their Facebook page every day to the newest job postings they’ve found. Similarly, FreelanceWritingJobs.ca posts new writing jobs on their blog every day. I’ve added their blog to my RSS reader, which makes it even easier for me to stay on top of new opportunities. By following a couple of these already curated lists, I avoid having to search for jobs individually on several different sites. This saves a ton of time and frees me up to get more writing done! Follow me @robynpetrik. 12. Katharine Puljug – Writer and Blogger My number one way of landing consistent work is through referrals. I always try to keep in touch with the clients Ive already worked with. I let them know what Im up to, ask them how business is going, and send them articles or videos that I think they would find interesting and relevant to their business. If I have a slow month coming up, Ill mention that I have space free in my schedule if they need anything done. Sometimes they have a project they need help with; sometimes they refer me to a friend who needs a writer. But its far easier to reach out to a client who already knows the value of your work than to convince someone new to hire you, so dont let those connections lapse. Follow me @kpaljug. So, There Ya Go! As you can see referrals are a popular way for landing continuous freelance writing work. But, dont discount other methods.

Understanding the Difference Between Lend and Loan

Understanding the Difference Between Lend and Loan In formal usage (especially in British English), lend is a verb and loan is a noun. In informal  American English, the use of loan as a verb is generally considered acceptable (particularly when it concerns the lending of money). See the usage notes below. Only lend has figurative uses, as in Lend me your ears or Lend me a hand.Also see:Commonly Confused Words: Loan and Lone Examples: Borrow trouble for yourself, if thats your nature, but dont lend it to your neighbors. (Rudyard Kipling)A bank, so the old saying goes, is a place where you can always get a loan- when you dont need one. Usage Notes Although most expert users of English dislike loan as a verb (I loaned him my pen), except in financial contexts, it must be acknowledged that the usage is sanctioned by dictionaries. If you are not offended by Friends, Romans, countrymen, loan me your ears or by Distance loans enchantment, you may go along with the dictionaries and you will always have a defense.(Theodore M. Bernstein, Miss Thistlebottoms Hobgoblins, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1971)Some people are bothered by the word loan as a verb, preferring to use lend in its place. Theres not much reason for the anxiety- loan has been a verb since around the year 1200, and I think an 800-year probation is long enough for anyone- but its now little used in America. My advice: dont be bothered by loan as a verb but, if you want to avoid irritating those who have this hangup, its never wrong to use lend.(Jack Lynch, The English Language: A Users Guide, Focus, 2008)The verb loan is well established in American usage and cannot be c onsidered incorrect. The frequent objections to the form by American grammarians may have originated from a provincial deference to British critics, who long ago labeled the usage a typical Americanism. Loan is, however, used to describe only physical transactions, as of money or goods; for figurative transactions, lend is correct: Distance lends enchantment. The allusions lend the work a classical tone.(The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th ed., 2000) These are sometimes interchangeable, sometimes not. Only lend carries the figurative senses of adding or giving, as in lend strength to the cause or lend color to an otherwise routine event. But for other senses, as when property or money pass temporarily from one owner to another, either word could be used. . . . In American and Australian English, the verb loan is readily used as an alternative to lend in such applicationsbut not so much in contemporary British English. The word was used in Britain up to C17, but a curious resistance seems to have developed there during C18 and C19, when the Oxford Dictionary (1989) citations are all from the US, and the word somehow acquired provincial associations. Fowler (1926) noted that it had been expelled from southern British English, but that it was still used locally in the UK. Yet Gowers writing after World War II found it returning to British government writing (1948, 1954) and weighs in against it in his 1965 edition of Fowler as a nee dless variant (1965). This seems to be the basis on which British usage commentators argue that loan must be used only as a noun (except in banking and finance) and lend as a verb. Some British dictionaries (Collins, 1991) and the Canadian Oxford (1998) still echo the inhibition, while data from the BNC [British National Corpus] shows that many British writers are comfortable with it. (Pam Peters, The Cambridge Guide to English Usage, Cambridge University Press, 2004) Practice   (a) Never _____ your car to anyone to whom you have given birth.(Erma Bombeck)(b) Gus asked Merdine for a _____. Answers to Practice Exercises (a) Never  lend  your car to anyone to whom you have given birth. (Erma Bombeck)(b) Gus asked  Merdine  for a  loan.

Poverty in European Union Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Poverty in European Union - Essay Example According to Draxler, absolute poverty levels have continuously fallen in a uniform manner in the entire of the European Union as well as generally in the countries of OECD in the recent past. On the other hand, relative levels of poverty have been escalating. Further, he argues that this has a high connection to the predicaments of the creation of employment. He continues to argue that the social exclusion issue and the downright establishment of the underclass impacts several functions of the policies of society and more specifically and of essence to it are the policies of education. This predicament as Draxler continues to argue, may be having some outdated structural causes. It manifests itself in the numerous new ways, though. Most of the risks socially are highly correlated with the habits of the lifestyle. Some of the examples he has given are society’s post-scarcity, smoking and overfeeding on junk food. Such habits are further correlated with disparities socially. The problem of obesity according to him is of the ones with a status of low-income and has increased in terms of its impact on society, especially to UK. In UK, due to the effect of obesity on society, efforts are underway to change the legislative stipulations to ban the marketing of junk food. Policies relating to lifestyle are highly becoming a component of essence to the intervention by the state. (Draxler, 2006 pp31, 32) In this same line of the item of argument. The article by think-tank says that, UK and Germany form the largest economies of the EU member states. It further states that UK has the biggest levels of relative poverty in the entire EU as well as the largest disparity of incomes. On the other hand, in accordance to think-tank, Germany’s situation is the rise in levels of unemployment as well as child poverty. The approach of explanation by think-tank is that poverty is a predicament approached with three models of programs of

Viking Ceramo ST Comparison Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Viking Ceramo ST Comparison - Lab Report Example Additionally, the brakes are not recommended for heavy duty towing but have the added advantage due to the extended wear. Atkins, Anthony G., and M. P. Escudier. A dictionary of mechanical engineering. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013. Print. The book acted as mechanical dictionary that provided access to the brake rotor, discs, and various inputs that can be used in their production. Beer, David F., and David A. McMurrey. A guide to writing as an engineer. Fourth ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2013. Print. The book provided writing knowledge such as formats and citations of the report. Haj-Assaad, Sami. "Why You Should, Or Shouldnt, Upgrade to Carbon Ceramic Brakes." The article is from AutoGuide.com and provides both customers and engineers with in-depth knowledge on the ceramic brakes. The features of the brake pads were analyzed, and lab tests were carried out to prove the provided information. Additionally, an examination of consumer ratings provided verification on the mechanical characteristics of the brake pads. Tests revealed that the metallic brake pads had a short lifespan due to the excess strength it provided when the vehicle braked. The strength factor made it recommended for high duty machinery. Other non-mechanical factors such as noise and dust prevention rated the ceramic brake pads at the top with a longer life due to the less energy produced during stopping. Observable and other customer related features have been presented in the diagrams below. Based on the provided information, the team came up with a conclusion that the metallic pads had a better performance than the ceramic ones. The metallic pads are more aggressive and can last a long time without replacement. They also ensure the management of the rotor due to contractions leaving it to cool and preventing wearing. The metallic pads are best suitable for heavy machinery that requires fast responding

Capital Structure Evaluation of Sample Firms Essay

Capital Structure Evaluation of Sample Firms - Essay Example Such sustainable growth requires increasing investment in long term assets, which in turn needs to be financed by long term funds. The two conventional long term sources of fund are debt and equity. The proportion of such debt and equity determines the capital structure of the firm. There are benefits and shortcomings of both the funding options. While debt funds are considered to be less costly owing to the interest tax shield that they provide, equity funds are considered to be more expensive owing to its inherent risk profile. Though debt funds reduce an organization's weighted average cost of capital (WACC), such funding increases the risk profile of the organization owing to long term commitments secured by asset collaterals, which could seriously increase the bankruptcy risk of the organization during an economic downturn. The modern thinking on capital structure is primarily based on the seminal work done by Franco Modigliani and Merton Miller. The Modigliani-Miller theorem (1958) states that in an ideal world, the value of a firm is independent of its capital structure. When a firm increases its gearing ratio, the overall risk to the equity holders increase thus increasing the cost of equity, thereby having no net effect on the value of the firm. One important aspect of this theorem is that it ignores the bankruptcy and transaction costs, and assumes information is freely available to all firms. The optimum leveraging point of an organization is, therefore, always a source of debate, and has been subject of various continuously evolving theories and models. Some of these recent theories and classical models are examined and validated by analyzing the capital structures of five organizations (PLCs) from four different industry sectors. The firms chosen are as below. Table 1-1 Company Name Industry Sector TESCO Food manufacturing and products BP Oil, gas and energy Exxon Mobil Oil, gas and energy BHP Billiton Metals and mining British Energy Utilities TESCO is a giant in the food manufacturing sector with an annual turnover of 47.3 billion. TESCO was founded in 1919 in the UK, and has since grown to set up footprints across the world in the Asia, Europe, and the US. It is one of the leading food retailers of the world, and has diversified into petrol retailing. BP is primarily in the business of oil exploration and refining, and operates out of several countries. Its other businesses include alternative energy, and shipping. It has an annual turnover of $361 billion. Exxon Mobil is also in the business of oil exploration/ production, gas, and power. Its downstream business includes oil refining, and marketing of fuel products and lubricating oil. Its annual turnover is $390 billion. BHP Billiton is the world's largest diversified natural resources company with businesses including alumina, aluminum, copper, energy, coal, iron ore, nickel, manganese, oil and gas and uranium, as well as gold, zinc, lead, silver and diamonds. It employs

Ultimate Poverty Reduction Strategy Social Policy Essay

Ultimate Poverty Reduction Strategy Social Policy Essay A dynamic, growing global economy is the ultimate poverty reduction strategy (Colin Powell, July 2001). Discuss this assertion in the light of economic development in India and by reflecting on development theory and thinkers to inform analysis. The assertion of A dynamic, growing global economy is the ultimate poverty reduction strategy (Colin Powell, July 2001) has long been a controversial topic across the world. Truly, the economic growth is an essential implement to reducing poverty as Rodrik (2007) said Growth is the most powerful instrument for reducing poverty. The evidences, on the other hand, have been expressed the serious doubt that million of people are still living in poverty condition[1] which has intensively questioned whether the economic growth is really guaranteed poverty reduction for everyone. This essay carefully aims to focus on India economic growth and examines the development theory which has been applied as a tool behind its spectacular growth nowadays, called Liberalization. This is particularly concerned the period when India economic transformed from strict economic as Protectionism to Trade liberalization. Furthermore, it also attempts to focus on the impact of economic growth on poverty reduct ion in India in order to criticize the assertion above. At the last stage, I will focus on the meaning of poverty and argue in this essay on whether the economic growth data such as GDP, which is normally used to describe the economic growth situation, is actually be the right tool for the poverty reduction or not. India Economic Development First of all, the speed of economic growth in India at the present period has emerged as one of the fastest growing major economies along with China.[2] For a better understanding on India economic development, it is necessary to understand its background because based on historical of India in particular economy section, it has long evolution in itself. Focusing on long term period, India has undergone four steps of growth. During the colonial period, under the British rule, the overall record of economic performance was pretty dreadful. Per capita economic growth during the period 1870 to independence in 1947 was only 0.2% per year. Later, Nehru became the first prime minister; a strategy of democratic socialism was applied resulted in Protectionism which was highlighted on import substitution, business regulation, state intervention and central planning in 1947- 1970. In addition, there was a strong state control and licenses were strongly needed for everything as well as bank acc ount, money transfer and foreign investment all were required licenses. Obviously, there was a sluggish growth from both time under British Raj and Nehrus License Raj. However, there was a faster growth in 1970-1991 due to Green revolution which introduced new high-yield crop technology caused of income rising but economic growth was relatively slow in general (Sachs, 2005). It had become clear that that the states ambition of pushing the country into the front rank of the developing world had fallen far of its target, with seemingly few prospects of changing in the near future (Chibber, 2006, p.3). There are many critiques against India government due to powerless economic which was seemed to be the major obstacle of country development. Consequently, in the late 1980s, Rajiv Gandhi introduced market reform that encouraged the growth. Reform policy mainly emphasized on opening for international trade and investment, deregulation, tax reforms and privatization. The high growth remai ned with market liberalization since 1990s (Sachs, 2005). The 1990s have witnessed a turning significant change which was particular after the deregulation and liberalization programmes that launched during the mid 1980s and early 1990s (Arup, 2008, p.1057). Accordingly, India has become one of the worlds fastest growing economies with average growth rates of 9% over the past four years[3]. The impact of economic growth: Is it really reduce poverty? Having been mentioned above, it seems that this is a pleasant period for India in term of dramatic growth rate in comparison to others which is believed to be a powerful mean to reduce poverty. Theoretically, the economic growth appears to be ultimate poverty reduction strategy as the assertion above. Arup (2008, p.1067) also noted that the inter-relation between economic growth and poverty reduction is the growth process contributes to generate employment opportunities. The unemployment rate in India has reduced consistently from 9.5% in 2004 to 6.80% in 2009.[4] Beside, growth in high skill activities could increase the demand for goods and services which are involved to labour from poor household. Additionally, it can be noticed from the graph above that poverty in India has been declining continuously and significantly in term of percentage in urban, rural and overall aspect, from 1977 2007.[6] This economic data reports that the amount of people living below poverty has been reduced from 51.8% in 1997 to only 19.8% in 2007. India success at GDP growth rate and percentage of poverty declined are to be admired. This growth number, however, has to be watched in proper perspective (Kohli, 2006). Undoubtedly, the question has remained whether the poverty reduction counts only on the price or not. Thirlwall (cited in Vandana and Robert, 2002) noted that although people living standard is usually measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP)[7], the economic growth is not the same as economic development. Obviously, growth is an essential condition for nation economic and social development but it is not sufficient condition to identify poverty condition as the growth rate of nations cannot be taken alone as a well-being of societies because the quality standard of living is much more comprehensive concept than focusing only on income level. Disparity in India Basically, the Gini coefficient figures are used to measure of income or wealth distribution. A high Gini coefficient indicates more unequal income or wealth distribution, meanwhile a low Gini coefficient indicates more equal distribution.[8] Surprisingly, although the India economic growth rate such as GDP, income per capita or unemployment rate seemed to increase annually which is mentioned earlier, it can be noticed from the Gini coefficient graph above that after 1990s ,when was the period of Liberalization began, the continuing disparities both in rural and urban has been higher. This can be implies that the gap between people has been wider which means higher disparities as well as even the poverty line in urban shows the impressive decrease but the inequality in urban has also increased. Therefore, class system and economic disparities among India have to be strongly concerned. Which group received the benefit from the economic growth is still questionable. The important point that really needs to be noted is the ratio of inequality is most likely leads to the problem such as, shelter, water, sanitation, health, education, social security and livelihoods along with the special needs of vulnerable group like women, children and elderly people (UNDP, 2009, P.1). Growing in GDP probably tell nothing in reducing poverty if life still has not met the basic needs. Does economic growth fight poverty? In order to be able to know how to reduce poverty or what the exact strategy of eliminating poverty is, it is significantly important to understand the meaning of poverty itself. The World Bank gives an overview of poverty as follow; Poverty is hunger. Poverty is lack of shelter. Poverty is being sick and not being able to see a doctor. Poverty is not having access to school and not knowing how to read. Poverty is not having a job, is fear for the future, living one day at a time. Poverty is losing a child to illness brought about by unclean water. Poverty is powerlessness, lack of representation and freedom. (The World Bank, 2009) Clearly, poverty is not count only income or economic resource because poverty involved not only in economic aspect but also social and politic as well. Literacy and education level, fertility rate, life expectancy and health are the essential factor to be told the poverty condition. As Gaurav(2002, p.105) says, the need to combine human development with economic has been well recognized in discussions of policies for fighting poverty. India will require more than economic reform but human development should be included. By doing both of economic and human development can taken India along way from poverty finally. Therefore, Human Development Index, which consists of literacy, education level, life expectancy and per capita income, also should be used to measure the quantity of life. According to the UNDP report (2005) India has an average HDI of 0.63 (medium) and ranks 127 in the world, India high GDP growth contrasts with the poor human development which indicates a failure at the social front. The success in literacy, health and gender equality is far from impressive. Additionally, some thinkers believe that addressing on only economic growth probably is not enough factors to claim as it is a sufficient reason to reduce poverty according to poverty can be valued in various ways. According to UNDP since 1997, the per capita income does not make sense because the world should speak of human poverty instead of income poverty. Not only income, the UNDP also takes the following aspects including, Chance of self determination, Health and expectancy of life, Possibilities of obtaining an education, Political freedom, Human rights and Human dignity and self-respect into consideration (Friedel Hutz-Adams, 2006, p.20). Moreover, UN-Human Development Report (1990) argues the expansion of the economy as measured by GDP per capita does not necessary mean that people are in better living particularly, in regards to health, education and freedom. Goulet (1971) suggests that life sustenance[9], self-esteem[10] and freedom[11] should be regarded as an important basic component for the true meaning of development. Moreover, Sen (1999) also noticed closely related to Goulet that economic growth like GDP should not be evaluated alone for the reason which meaning of achievement is much more wider which should include economic and social development. Beside, poverty in his view is lacking of possibilities of self-realization which refers to income, provision of basic needs and possibilities to access to available resources are very crucial. To conclude, I have to argue Colin Powell statement. I personally believe that it is impossible to measure poverty reduction by focusing on economic development alone. Similarly to when talking about development, it is unfeasible to state on economic, politic or social development alone. Nevertheless, all these factors are essentially need to compromise together in order to achieve the actual development which lastly leads to poverty reduction in the meaning mentioned here which does not focused on being rich and poor only. Economic growth data such as GDP or income per capita do not really tell the truth of better standard of living. Since Poverty reduction meaning has more complex dimensions, other factors are strongly need to be counted. For example, in term of politic, people participation and decentralization are the key point of people freedom and ability to decide what they exactly want. The suitable programme or policies then will be issued properly for them to pursue their l ives better. Beside, social development regards various issues such as gender, equality, education, health and social disparity etc., these issues again require to be provided equally because this is the condition for better living. It can be seen from India that even economic growth rapidly but the social disparities also increase. Other evidences have been shown continuously that some social, politic and human composite indexes go contrast to the economic rate which resulted in nation development difficulties mainly is poverty. Lastly, as the poverty here is defined in term of sociology, politically and economically dimension, the word growth from now on should be talk in term of quality rather than quantity. References: ARUP MITRA, J. P. S. (2008) Growth and poverty in India: emerging dimensions of the tertiary sector. The service Industries 28, 1055-1076. CHANG, H.-J. (2002) Kicking Away the Ladder:The Real History of Free Trade, Anthem, London. CHIBBER, V. (2006) Locked in Place: State- Building and Late Industrialization in India, Oxfordshire, Princeton University Press. EASTERLY, W. (2006) The White Mans Burden: Why the wests efforts to aid the rest have done so much ill and so little good, Oxford, Oxford University Press. FIELDS, G. S. (1980) Poverty, Inequality, and Development, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. FRIEDEL HÃ ¼TZ-ADAMS, R. H., PEDRO MORAZÃ ¡N, ULRIKE LOHR; HARALD ROHR (2006) Does Economic Growth Reduce Poverty? Poverty Reduction and Social Equity in the Age of Globalization. Structural Violence in the Relationships between North and South, 7, 69. GAURAV DATT, M. R. (2002) Is Indias Economic Growth Leaving the Poor Behind? Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16, 89-108. GOULET, D. (1971) The Cruel Choice: A new Concept on the Theory of Development, New York, Atheneum. KOHLI, A. (2006) Politics of Economic Growth in India, 1980-2005, Part II: The 1990s and Beyond. Economic and Political Weekly, 1361-1370. KRUIJER, G. J. (1987) Development through Liberation: Third World Problems and Solutions, London, MACMILLAN EDUCATION LTD. MCKINLEY, T. (2001) Macroeconomic Policy, Growth and Poverty Reduction, London, PALGRAVE. MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND URBAN POVERTY ALLEVIATION, UNDP. (2009) INDIA: Urban Poverty Report 2009. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). RODRIK, D. (2007) One economics, many recipes: globalization, institutions, and economic growth Princeton, N.J. ; Oxford : Princeton University Press. SACHS, J. (2005) The End of Poverty; how we can make it happen in our lifetime, London, The Penguin Group. SCHIMTZ, H. (2007) The Rise of the East: What does it mean for Development Studies? 38, 92-106. SEN, A. (1999) Development as Freedom: Human Capability and Global Need, New York, Knopf. THIRLWALL, A. P. (2002) The Companion to Development Studies, London, Arnold, the Hodder Headline Group. TOYE, J. (1988) Political Economy and the Analysis of Indian Development. Modern Asian Studies, 22, 97-122. United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), Human Development Report (2005, 2009), New York, USA. Almost half the world over 3 billion people lives on less than $2.50 a day. There are 1.4 billions people in the developing world who are living in extreme poverty, of which about 600 million are in South Asia. For more information: The developing world is poorer than we thought, but no less successful in the fight against poverty (The World Bank Development Research Group, August 2008: http://www-wds.worldbank.org) The economy of India is the twelfth largest economy in the world by market exchange rates. Indias economy in recent years is growing 9.2% in 2007 and 9.6% in 2006 and has seen a decade of 7% growth. (http://www.economywatch.com/indianeconomy/indian-economy-overview.html) India country overview 2009; http://www.worldbank.org.in/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/SOUTHASIAEXT/INDIAEXTN For more detail, please see http://www.indexmundi.com/india/unemployment_rate.html. http://www.economywatch.com/indianeconomy/poverty-in-india.html The percentage was calculated from people living below poverty line $ 1.00 a day which was based on Indias PPP rate (World Bank.org) This is calculated by the total amount of goods and services produced per head of the population. For more details : http://www.poverty.org.uk/e14/index.shtml Life sustenance is concerned with the provision of basic needs such as housing, clothing, food and education (Goulet, 1971) Self-esteem focuses on the feeling of independence. One country cannot be fully developed where is exploited by others which in this case can be referred to colonization. (Goulet, 1971) Freedom regards to ability to determine own destiny.

Organ Donation Essay -- Ethical Issues, Presumed Consent

At least 10 people die every day, while waiting for a major organ for example, heart, lungs or kidneys’, the reason being they is a massive shortage of organs across Europe, with the transplant waiting list growing, they is need for radical measures to be taken. The author of this easy will define what organ donation is, however the aims of the essay is to compare and contrast the two systems of organ donation, the opt- in and opt- out systems. The focus of the essay is on cadaveric donors,( heart beating donors and non- heart beating donors). The author will also go on to explore their personal views on organ donations, from before and after researching the topic and then reflect on how those views may have changed. Organ donation is defined as the donation of a biological tissue or organ of the human body, from a living or deceased person to a living recipient in need of a transplant. The removal of the organs is carried out in accordance with The Human Tissue Act (2004) who â€Å"regulate the removal, storage, use and disposal of the human bodies, tissues and organs†, (DOH ,2004).Organ donation is a complex issue, one which involves factors such as ethics, legal, organisational and societal factors. Much of the debate surrounding organ donation is the issue of consent /autonomy and trying to find ways to increase the number of potential organ donors. Do we choose to preserve the rights of the dead or those of people who are in pain? Across Europe they are two systems in practice, namely presumed consent (opt-out system) and informed consent (opt- in system).Although the two systems are different in practice, there main objective is the same, to increase the number of potential donors, which in turn would red... ...and discuss the issues. This might lead to organ donors to be viewed as the norm rather than the exception. With opt- in system an organ is an altruistic act, gift that I agree with Professor John Saunders royal college of physicians’ ethical issues in medicine who is advocating for a â€Å"mandated choice â€Å"that is a legally-mandated decision, where all adults are required by law to indicate their wishes about their organs after death. I believe that if a person wants to be an organ donor they should make the effort to make their wishes known by taking the necessary steps in registering. With regards to both systems I see no point for their existence if your family can override your decision. In conclusion this essay looked at the organ donation systems practiced across Europe the opt- in and opt -out systems, and how they affect the rates of organ donation.

Anatomy and Physiology Ch. 1 Study Guide Essay

Anatomy – the study of the form or structure and arrangement of body parts and their relationships Physiology – the study of the functions of the body parts or structures and their relationships in maintaining life processes. Levels of Structural Organization The human body consists of levels of structural organization that are associated with one another. There are six levels of structural organization: I. chemical level – It is the simplest level and it includes all of the chemical substances essential for maintaining life. These substances are made up of atoms. An atom is the smallest unit of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass.  Atoms combine to form molecules, which may be simple or  complex. Different types of molecules combine to form or~anelles (â€Å"little organs†). Organelles are specific structures that carry out specific functions. 2. cellular level – The cell is the basic unit of structure  and function and of life. Cells vary in size, shape, and function and may contain many types of organelles. 3. tissue level – Tissues are groups of similar cells that perform a specific function. There are four major types of tissues in the human body: a. epithelial tissue – It is found lining body cavities and covers the surface of the body. It functions in  protection, secretion, and excretion. b. connective tissue – It is found on the surfaces of  and in organs and tissues and functions in protection, support, and attaching organs and tissues to each other and to the walls of body cavities. c. muscle tissue – It functions in the movement of body parts and organs, and in the movement of substances throughout the body. There are three major types of muscle tissue: (1) skeletal muscle – It is found attached to and covering bones and it functions in body movement. (2) cardiac muscle – It is located in the heart wall and functions in the contraction and relaxation of the heart as it beats. (3) smooth muscle – It is located in the walls of internal or visceral organs and it functions in moving substances throughout the body. d. nervous tissue  It is located in the brain and  spinal cord, and extends to various tissues and organs.  It  functions in transmitting electrical or nerve impulses from the external and internal environments to the brain and spinal cord where it is interpreted and a response occurs. 4. organ level – Organs are groups of two or more types of  tissue working together to perform a specific function. 5. organ system level – ~ sTstems are groups of organs that work closely together to perform a common function. There are eleven organ systems in the human body: ao g. h. i. j. k. integumentary system muscular system skeletal system nervous system endocrine system cardiovascular system lymphatic system respiratory system digestive system urinary system reproductive system 6. organismal level – It is the highest level of structural organization and it consists of groups of organ systems working together to maintain body structure and function. Organ systems work together to maintain an internal environment that is fairly constant, stable, or balanced. This is referred to as homeostasis (â€Å"to stay the same†). Changes do occur, but within very narrow ranges or limits. Homeostasis Body parts or structures function efficiently in maintaining metabolic processes and when the survival needs are within certain limits or optimum levels. The survival needs include: water,  oxyqen, nutrients, an appropriate bod~ temperature, and atmospheric pressure. Water is necessary for chemical reactions, excretion, and secretion.  Oxyqen is required for many of the metabolic  reactions that break down nutrients and provide energy. Nutrients provide energy for cells and cell processes. Bod~ temperature must be maintained within a certain range for chemical reactions and cell processes to perform efficiently. If the body temperature falls too low or increases too high, chemical reactions will slow down or may stop. Atmospheric pressure is the force of air on the body surface by the weight of air. It is important in breathing and in the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs. To maintain homeostasis there are control mechanisms. Control mechanisms consist of three parts: i. receptor – It responds to sensory stimuli from the internal and external environments. The information is sent along afferent pathways to the control center. 2. control center – It consists of the brain and spinal cord which interpret and analyze the information and determine an appropriate response.  Information is then sent along efferent pathways to the effector. 3. effector – It consists of tissues, organs, or glands that perform a motor response to the original stimulus that was received by the receptor. The response involves a feedback mechanism. If the response slows down or inhibit~ the stimulus it is a neqative feedback mechanism. If the response speeds up or enhances the stimulus, it is a positive feedback mechanism. Most control mechanisms for homeostasis in the human body are negative feedback mechanisms.

Examples of How Not to Begin an Essay

Examples of How Not to Begin an Essay When was the last time you ran across a really good hooker? Thats Stephen Kings term for a particularly enticing opening sentence in a story or essay- a knock-you-dead first line that compels you to keep reading. In Great Hookers I Have Known, King says that an effective hooker-sentence offers readers the pleasure of instant gratification (Secret Windows, 2000). The opposite of a hooker might be called a chaser- a bore-you-to-death introduction that drives readers away. At best, a chaser may hint at delayed gratification. More often it provides little more than an excuse to stop reading. Examples of the Worst Kinds of Essay Opening Lines Here are 10 examples of such boring or baffling opening lines- chasers that youll want to avoid when composing your own essays. The examples are in italics, and the explanations are in bold. According to my dictionary . . . Avoid leads [or ledes] that quote Websters- the Jim Belushi of openings, according to Annie Edison in Community. It accomplishes nothing, but everyone keeps on using it. When you gave us this assignment to describe in detail a place you know well, my first thought was to write about my bedroom closet. . . .As a general rule, avoid openings that comment on the writing assignment itself. One dark and stormy night, the ghost of General Oglethorpe grabbed me by the goolies and hurled me down the castle stairs. . . .Dont strain too hard to shock or amaze, especially if you cant maintain that level of excitement. Sometimes youve got to stick your neck out on a limb and keep your nose to the grindstone. . . .Avoid clichà ©s and mixed metaphors. In this essay, after giving the subject a lot of thought, I am going to write about . . ..Skip the announcements. Life is like a box of chocolates, my Mama used to say, quoting Forrest Gump. . . .Dont get too c ute. Your mama has terrible opinions on essay writing . . .Dont get belligerent. Framed fantastically against the expansive cerulean sky was a soaring wedge of gossiping, gabbling geese, a shimmering cocaine-colored V haloed in sunlight and dusted with the durable dreams of earthbound warriors . . ..Avoid excessive alliteration, needless modifiers, and Rogets Thesaurus. Wikipedia says . . . Challenge questionable facts and steer clear of dubious sources. It is a melancholy object to those who walk through this great town or travel in the country, when they see the streets, the roads, and cabin doors, crowded with beggars of the female sex, followed by three, four, or six children, all in rags and importuning every passenger for an alms.* . . .No matter what else you do, never plagiarize. * This is the opening sentence of Jonathan Swifts satirical essay A Modest Proposal.Now its time to take a more positive approach. For examples of fresh and compelling opening lines- that is, some truly good hookers- see these two articles: How to Begin an Essay: 13 Engaging Strategies With ExamplesWhack at Your Reader at Once: Eight Great Opening Lines

How Executives Should Answer One Scary Interview Question Who Wrote Your Resume

How Executives Should Answer One Scary Interview Question Who Wrote Your Resume Should executives write their own resumes? As an executive resume writer, I run into a certain number of people who believe every job candidate, regardless of industry, should write his or her own resume. While I agree very strongly that students should write their own academic papers and college application essays, I think very differently about whether executives should write their own resumes. Think about it. Executives are not being judged on their ability to format a beautiful document and craft powerful bullets about themselves. They have not spent years studying and practicing the art of resume writing. What is an executive’s job? All C-Level executives need forward-thinking strategy skills and the ability to manage and motivate teams. A CTO needs to know technology. A CFO needs to know finance. A CMO needs to know marketing. A CEO needs to implement high-level strategy; ensure that teams are functioning optimally; make key decisions that serve the best interest of both the company and its customers; keep operations running smoothly; and liaise between the board of directors and corporate operations. Nowhere in this list is being a great writer, graphic designer, or resume bullet crafter. So why should an executive ever write his or her own resume? I can’t think of a reason. In fact, the most talented and accomplished executive could be undersold and undercut by a self-constructed resume. And isn’t an executive’s job to delegate responsibility to others rather than get caught in the weeds? Successful executives are universally interested in leveraging their time. They do not have 10 hours to spend wrestling over how to present their accomplishments in writing. They would rather pay someone to do what that person does well, in service of a great result. The interview question Given all this, what should you do if you are an executive and in an interview, you are asked who wrote your resume? One hiring manager, whom I will call Mike, used that â€Å"trick† question to vet candidates. He writes, â€Å"I found out a lot by the reaction to that question. The best response I ever heard was an unruffled ‘I contracted with someone good in that business. Look, [Mike], you are interviewing me for the Chief Technical Officer position. I care about the quality of the end result. I dont write software as well as some of the folks in the Engineering group. I dont write resumes as well as the service. Quality of outcome and cost count.’† Mike continues, â€Å"Ive seen some candidates get flustered and talk in circles. I even had one candidate claim he wrote it, only to interrupt me ten minutes later to contradict himself.† I was struck in this story by the attributes this successful candidate’s answer showed: integrity, honesty, decisiveness, the ability to stay clear under pressure, a results focus, and a commitment to finding the best people to do any job. Those are qualities I would want in an executive. Executive responsibilities as a job candidate Even when someone else writes your executive resume, you go through the process of getting very clear about the challenges you faced, the actions you took, and the results you achieved. That is each executive’s work to do, with the support of a resume writer if desired. My advice is to put your best foot forward, and to leverage your resources optimally to do that. What do you think about executives writing their own resumes? Do you have any other favorite, revealing interview questions you want to share? Please comment below!

HOW TO IDENTIFY CUSTOMERS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

HOW TO IDENTIFY CUSTOMERS - Essay Example Customers are central to the operations of any business. Identifying, targeting, and satisfying customers are the main principles behind business operations. This makes it important for any business to have an elaborate record that clearly indicates the customers of such a company at different levels depending on activity, geographical location, and persistence, volume of goods purchased, among other different criteria that may be used to group, rank, and classify customers. This would make it easy for a business to identify their potential customers and treat them according to their loyalty to the business. Below is a design structure that can be used in identifying and classifying customers in any business for better decision making as outlined by Peppers & Rogers (2011). Define The definition stage will involve the identity of the customers. In this stage the customers’ full names, phone numbers, emails, physical location, and distance from the business have to be recorded. Chverton (2002) asserts the importance of setting objectives in such key account management. The objective in the dry-cleaning business is to critically define the identity of the customer, which would help in understanding the geographic location of the main customers, and facilitate easy contact with such customers when need be.This stage involves the method to be used in collecting the customer details. Customer data will be collected from receipt books issued from the business, customer’s business cards, websites, and forms issued to all customers to fill their details after any transaction, emails, and calling the customer over the phone to inquire about such details. Once all the data about each and every customer is collected, the data is entered alongside the custom er details, with each customer having being entered into the database with provisions for entering all the above data. Customer records in the dry-cleaning business will involve a carefully designed database that will show all the customer details once their names are keyed in. Link After all the details regarding the customers’ identity are exhausted, the details have to be linked to respective departments within the business to prevent multiple records of the same customers. Therefore, the dry-cleaning database defined above has to link the following departments; the manager, record keeping, the reception, cleaning, and home delivery departments. Linking the above departments will enable a customer to be identified immediately they get in touch with any of the departments, and the information updated across all departments. Therefore, if a customer gives any instructions to the receptionist section over the phone, all the above departments have to be aware of such instructi ons. Such instructions will be reflected across all departments, which amounts a SMART way in which the activities of each customer can be determined (Cherverton, 2002). Integrate All the above customers’ information has to be integrated and linked to their respective interactions and transactions. In the dry-cleaning business, all the clothes brought in have to be accurately identified through a specific number linked to the customer details entered above. In addition, when a customer brings in their clothes, keying in the name of the customer has to bring out all their details, which have to be updated automatically upon entering the new clothes brought in. This means the entire information system has to link all the departments in the business, with any transaction or interactions being updated automatically from the reception stage where clothes are received for cleaning with the update reflecting in the manager’s office and any other relevant office instantly. Int egrating would mean customers’ activities are reflected in the entire enterprise through the information system in use. Recognize. In the dry-cleaning business, a customer’s identity has to be uniform across all sections. In

Migration, cultural diversity and integration in contemporary Britain Essay

Migration, cultural diversity and integration in contemporary Britain - Essay Example This integration and acceptance could involve recognizing the others’ practice as right or even adopting some of the practices which are to be found in the other people involved. One of the major contributors of having youths from divergent backgrounds studying in the same universities is as a direct result of migrant labour. In this respect you may find that one’s parents went to a foreign country looking for a job opportunity and since people of many nationalities do emigrate looking for job opportunities, it is only obvious that we are going to have a situations whereby the different youths involved tend to develop multicultural social capital (Arthur,2004). Social capital has been defined as Social capital is a sociological concept, which refers to connections within and between social networks. Harzig and Hoerder discuss the issue of migration in detail and he points out the negative opinions which are cast upon immigrants. They are viewed as â€Å"hands† or â€Å"braceros† instead of hearts and heads. The following dialogue involves two young university student in Paris France. Partner A (Asamoah) has his origins in Ghana while Partner B (Louis) has his origins in Cameroon both countries in West Africa. ASAMOAH: I am Asamoah Gyan, My parents come from Accra Ghana. We came to France when I was five years old. My parents are career diplomats and thus I had to join a French school and upon the end of my parents’ tour of duty they felt it advisable to have me left behind in France so as to complete my university studies. I chose an African because we have a lot to share as we both come from the continent and hence we should have a lot in common. LOUIS: I am Louis Mitchell and my country of origin is Cameroon. My whole family lives in Douarra second largest city in Cameroon. I have always wanted to join a good foreign university and being from a Francophone country I was able to benefit from a Scholarship from the government of France. I thus had my early education back in Cameroun and only came to France for my higher education on a scholarship. I chose a Ghanaian national owing to the close proximity between our two countries and being Africans, we have a lot in common. Questions. ASAMOAH: Louis could you tell me about your social capital in terms of how you find yourself accepting to the races, gender sexuality and religion in Britain? LOUIS: I find it very difficult to interact with the foreign people and I am more comfortable being in the company of my fellow Africans and especially those from French speaking countries. On issues of gender, I find the British more tolerant towards women but I hate the legalization of homosexuality and on the religious issue the French are not religious at all. ASAMOAH: Why do you abhor the legalization of gay unions in Britain? LOUIS: That is unheard of in African culture. In my own country being caught engaging in such an activity attracts a very severe penalty an d furthermore the individuals concerned are ostracized from the society. ASAMOAH: what kind of penalty could that be and why is it considered unAfrican to engage in such activities? LOUIS: In my country, penalty for being day is imprisonment for a term of at least twenty years in prison and in rural areas where traditional justice is dispensed you find that those who are caught engaging in such activities are put in a beehive and rolled off a hill. It is considered unAfrican to engage in homosexual relationships because that is what has been passed from

Disparate Impact Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Disparate Impact - Essay Example aving high school diploma on the city by following the disparate impact theory of liability to prove its business requirement – not just a ploy to single out certain groups of society from getting employment (Lazarus, 2001). The Supreme Court first described the disparate impact theory in 1971, in Griggs v. Duke Power Co., 401 U.S. 424, 431-2 (1971): Title VII. It â€Å"proscribes not only overt discrimination but also practices that are fair in form, but discriminatory in operation. The touchstone is business necessity. . . . [G]ood intent or absence of discriminatory intent does not redeem employment procedures or testing mechanisms that operate as built-in headwinds for minority groups and are unrelated to measuring job capability.† In 1989, the Supreme Court minimized the defendant’s burden of proving business necessity to a burden of producing proof of business requirement in the case of Wards Cove Packing Co. v. Antonio, 490 U.S. Later, the Civil Rights Act of 1991 annulled that part of the Wards Cove decision (HR Guide 2001). "Disparate impact" is a legal theory for proving unlawful employment discrimination. But in practice, â€Å"disparate treatment† theory is practiced. Disparate impact is a thought that some recruitment practices adversely impact a group or community of people than the others. In the example of US Supreme Court Title VII case on the issue of disparate impact, in a particular case of employing laborers, the applicants needed to be high school diploma holders. This condition weeded out more blacks than whites, although there was no such intention on the part of the employer to discriminate against blacks. But as a result of the condition, there was a disparate impact on a particular race (Runkel, 2006). According to the Supreme Court, if the employees raise such a concern, the responsibility of proving the usefulness of the high school diploma lies with the employer, having â€Å"a manifest relationship to the employment in question.†

Jerusalem Art Essay Example for Free

Jerusalem Art Essay Art involving Jerusalem is very controversial. One has to place into context the fact that Jerusalem is a significant city for three major religions—Islam, Judaism, and Christianity. Having one city be so significant leads to both the creation of conflict and beauty. There is conflict in the sense of war and destruction, and beauty in the sense of art on the subject. The three pieces of art this writer selected were all twentieth century pieces, but all show significant scenes, buildings or represent significant Psalms in the life of Jerusalem. Because of Jerusalem’s historical significance, this writer has chosen a piece of Islamic art that depicts the old city of Jerusalem, a piece of Jewish art that represents the Psalms, and a piece of Christian art that depicts the triumphal entry and some of the significant events of Holy Week, which is the final week of Christ’s life. The first piece of art is an Arab work that shows the old city of Jerusalem. In the painting, one sees a blue-gray sky that overlooks a sandstone colored city. There is a partial wall surrounding the city, and there appears to be two large prayer towers in the background. There are also some people, men, in the picture, looking towards the city and in a couple of cases walking towards that spiritual city. The city appears to be old, but not ancient, which means this is probably dated somewhere around the Crusades. Though this is a contemporary piece, the artist has chosen to depict Jerusalem at its height in Muslim hands. This painting probably represents Jerusalem during the Crusades. This piece would be very inspiring to Muslims, as it shows the city as theirs. It also gives them an image to look to when contemplating their own religious heritage. This brings us to the point of religious iconography and the Islamic faith. Religious iconography does not play as significant a role in Muslim religious life than in other religions. This is due in part to their trepidation about displaying the human form in a religious setting. This writer feels that this piece could be taken a number of different ways depending on the perspective, whether Muslim, Christian, or Jew. For Muslims if would take them back to a time of Muslim supremacy, when they â€Å"owned† one of the most important cities in their religion. Jerusalem is a significant city for the Muslims. According to various scholars, Jerusalem is significant because it is believed it is the city from which Muhammad rose to heaven. It is also significant because some of Islam’s most significant prophets (Abraham and Jesus) preached and taught. It is also a place to which Muhammad made an historic night pilgrimage. For Christians and Jews, it would be a solemn reminder that there was a time when Christians and Jews lost their most holy city to a people they deemed â€Å"infidels†. It would bring about a profound sense of sadness and loss and might inspire a fighting spirit in Jews and Christians to reclaim their city. Over the years, the passions the Muslims have over Jerusalem have become inflamed to the point of outright violence. The attitudes have only gotten more intense and more inflexible towards the Holy City. This writer feels that the times have only served to strengthen the resolve of Muslims to reclaim the city that they perceive as theirs. Emotionally, the tensions in the region have made Muslims even more determined to control the city completely. As significant as Jerusalem is to Muslims, it also has a supreme significance to Jews. Jews actually fee as if the city belongs to them and was bequeathed to them by God thousands of years ago. It is so significant that dozens of Psalms were written about the city. One of the Psalms is 125, which says in part, â€Å"[a]s the mountains surround Jerusalem, so the Lord surrounds His people from this time forth and forever (verse 2). † In this painting by Irv Davis, one sees an encapsulated city of Jerusalem surrounded by grey mountains. The city is cream, almost white, and it is implied that the city is made of marble. The sky is blue and the sun is shining, adding to the shine on the city. One can imply that the encapsulation is the spirit of God surrounding the city and protecting it from outsiders and enemies. The contrasts are very sharp, the darkness of the mountains are contrasted with the whiteness and purity of the city. This obviously represents a very young Jerusalem. This also represents a time when the Jews were extremely fervent about their faith and wished to follow the Lord and seek his will. This picture represents a Jerusalem on the rise. It is also a bit on the allegorical side, with the young city representing a young faith. The newness of the city represents the fervency of the believers. They wish to follow the Lord and, as with anything new, the new city represents a new faith. This piece of art could be taken by the three groups in different ways. For Jews, it represents a time in their history when they had a true passion for God and would write songs of praise to the Lord using their most holy city as an inspiration. For Muslims, it would be a dour reminder that a region and city of the world they felt they originally owned had been forcibly removed from their possession and would remain in control of another group for several thousand years. They would also bemoan the fact that a new faith system would be replacing the polytheism that had dominated the region in the years prior to the Jewish takeover. Jews view the city of Jerusalem with as many passions and emotions as the Muslims. They see it as one of the most significant cities of their faith, and as such, wish to reclaim it as a purely Judeo-Christian city. The emotions of the Jews towards the city have always been strong, but over time, have waxed and waned, leading to the times that we have now where the Jews are fighting as passionately for the city as their Muslim counterparts. Both groups have legitimate religious and traditional claims to the city, yet either refuses to give in and relent towards their passions for the city. They each want the city, and are willing to do just about anything to get and maintain control over it. Christians have a whole other unique perspective on the city of Jerusalem. Before we can discuss the artistic expression of the selected artwork, it bears discussing the cultural ties that bind Christians to the city of Jerusalem. Christians view the city as very important because not only did Jesus make his triumphal entry into the city during Holy Week, but also taught in the region. Additionally, the apostles taught in the region and it was from the city of Jerusalem that Christianity was established in the form of Christ’s death and resurrection. The piece of art that was selected was some hand painted tiles from Jerusalem that show scenes from the triumphal entry and major scenes from Holy Week. The tiles are well-painted and detailed. Though they are also twentieth century, the story they tell condenses the entire story of Christianity in four small tiles. They are done in yellows, blues, white, black, and red. These tiles show an older, wiser Jerusalem. There is an overall sadness to the scenes, when one places the tiles in the context of the Bible, one can find that there is indeed a sadness, but at the same time a joy in the scene being depicted. It is ironic that death represents life and birth, but that is indeed what this scene and this depiction of Jerusalem shows. For Christians, Jerusalem represents the birth of their religion and the new life that is promised from the rising from the dead of Christ. Though there may be other cities that are significant in Christendom, for Christians, the events that transpired the week of Holy Week in Jerusalem are what assured the promises made in all the other cities. This piece of art could be taken by the three religions in different ways. For Christians, obviously, there is an association with the outright birth of the religion. The death that occurred outside Jerusalem represented the birth of a whole new belief system. For Jews, while the beliefs of Christian might be unusual, would see Christians as having as legitimate a claim to the city as they do, since they feel that the two groups worship the same God. For Muslims, the scenes simply show significant scenes in the life of a major prophet of their faith. They may view the Christian’s claims towards the city as interesting, but not as significant nor as important as their own claim towards the city. Christian attitudes towards the city have always been passionate, and they actually fought seven crusades that were specifically designed to take back the city from the Muslims. While they were not successful for long in keeping the Muslims out, they were able to develop a life of â€Å"peaceful coexistence† with the Muslims. Christians traditionally have supported the Jewish claim towards the city, as evidenced in the fact that we actively support the mission of Israel today. Christian passions have always been high for the city, but they have cooled over time, and we no longer actively seek to crusade against those we perceive as infidels. Christians now instead seek peaceful coexistence with other groups, but especially the Muslims. Christians are a pragmatic people that see the realities of the situation and only seek to have the best possible outcomes for all the parties. As one can see from the above statements, Jerusalem holds a special place in the hearts of all three religions. While it has inflamed passions, it has also inspired Psalmists and believers for centuries. We should seek understanding of the situations that create the passions and instead of seeming to remain in a state of constant conflict. We should view Jerusalem as a source of inspiration and not as a source of contention. The world’s three largest religions each have legitimate claims to the city and each needs to give up something in order to get access to the one city that they all deem to be the most important in their religion. The city is a true test of negotiation and faith, and as such should remain a source of inspiration. Bibliography about. com, Painting of Jerusalem Psalms. Judaism. 2000. 19 Apr 2009 http://www. judaism. about. com/library/2_artlit/bl_artpsalms_ff. htm. (picture URL) about. com, Painting of Jerusalem Psalms. Judaism. 2000. 26 Apr 2009 http://www. judaism. about. com/library/2_artlit/bl_artpsalms_f. htm. Arab Art Gallery. Arab Art Gallery. 2004. 19 Apr 2009 http://arabartgallery. com/qud115. htm. Easter Gift-Holy Easter Week. Jerusalem Pottery. 2009. 19 Apr 2009 http://www. jerusalempottery. biz/products/Tiles/christian/easter_gift. htm. Importance of Jerusalem in Judaism and Israeli History. 2005. zionism-israel. com. 23 Apr 2009 http://www. zionism-israel. com/his/Jerusalem_history. htm. Memorandum of their Beatitudes the Patriarchs and of the Heads of the Christian Communities in Jerusalem on the Significance of Jerusalem for Christians. al-bushra. org. 14, Nov 1994. 23 Apr 2009 http://www. al-bushra. org/hedchrch/memorandum. htm. Procon. org, What is the Significance of Jerusalem for Muslims. 21 May 2008. procon. org. 26 Apr 2009 http://www. israelipalestinian. procon. org/viewanswers. asp? questionID=521.